The Shanxi Province Museum is located inside the Confucian Temple of Taiyuan City. Its original name is Educational Book Museum of Shanxi Province. In 1953, the name changed to Shanxi Provincial Museum when combined with the Relics Hall of Taiyuan City.

The Museum houses a large collection of exhibits that show the history and culture of Shanxi province. It has collected 100,000 items of historical relics, revolutionary relics and natural samples, of which 443 items are the well-known. It is a large complex built in traditional style, with courtyards encircled by buildings of the Ming Dynasty style.